Massacres against civilians are considered a flagrant violation of international humanitarian law, and the Fourth Geneva Convention prohibits targeting civilians or endangering their lives and safety during armed conflicts. International agreements, including the 1977 Additional Protocol I, require states and combatants to distinguish between military objectives and civilians, criminalizing any deliberate attack or assault on civilians. Article 27 of the Geneva Convention mandates that civilians must be protected at all times from acts of violence, and their lives, physical, or mental integrity must not be violated, including through violence, assault, murder, or torture.
Al-Fakhoura School Massacre
On November 4, 2023, Israeli occupation aircraft committed a massacre at Al-Fakhoura School, which is part of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA) and was sheltering thousands of displaced people in Jabalia refugee camp. This massacre was among several others, resulting in the martyrdom of approximately 12 individuals, in addition to dozens of injured.
Fahd School Massacre – Al-Tuffah Neighborhood
Israeli occupation aircraft committed a massacre against civilians by targeting Fahd School in Al-Tuffah neighborhood, Gaza City, without prior warning or notice. This resulted in the martyrdom of 6 individuals, namely:
- Journalist: Zahraa Mohammed Abu Skhail (22 years old)
- Journalist: Ahmed Mohammed Abu Skhail (25 years old)
- Mohammed Ismail Abu Sakhel
- Mohammed Nabil Al-Suwafiri (38 years old)
- Samah Khalil Al-Swairki “Al-Suwafiri” (33 years old)
- Qusai Mohammed Al-Suwafiri (3 years old)
Targeting of Abed Family Home
On May 11, 2024, Israeli occupation aircraft targeted the home of the Abed family in Al-Maghazi Refugee Camp, central Gaza. The attack resulted in the martyrdom of 7 individuals and the injury of dozens. The martyrs are:
- Abdul-Mohaymin Awni Mahmoud Abed (22 years old)
- Fatima Hussein Mutlaq Abed (59 years old)
- Yasmin Awni Mahmoud Abed (36 years old)
- Samer Essam Hussein Ismail (14 years old)
- Bushra Said Abdel-Rahman Mahdi (40 years old)
- Amina Mohammed Ali Abdel-Jawad (71 years old)
- Mousa Hassan Ahmed Abdel-Jawad (67 years old)