Massacres against civilians are considered a flagrant violation of international humanitarian law, and the Fourth Geneva Convention prohibits targeting civilians or endangering their lives and safety during armed conflicts. International agreements, including the 1977 Additional Protocol I, require states and combatants to distinguish between military objectives and civilians, criminalizing any deliberate attack or assault on civilians. Article 27 of the Geneva Convention mandates that civilians must be protected at all times from acts of violence, and their lives, physical, or mental integrity must not be violated, including through violence, assault, murder, or torture.

Targeting of a Civilian Vehicle (January 3, 2024)
Israeli occupation aircraft targeted a civilian vehicle in Al-Zawaida town in the central Gaza Strip without prior warning or notification, resulting in the martyrdom of 3 victims and multiple injuries. The identified martyrs are:
- Khaled Zuhdi Said Hassan (27 years old)
- Khalil Adel Khalil Ashour (34 years old)
- Salim Misbah Al-Daya (19 years old)

Targeting of Civilian Gathering – Al-Shujaiya Neighborhood (January 3, 2025)
Israeli occupation aircraft targeted a civilian gathering in Al-Shujaiya neighborhood in Gaza City without prior warning or notification, resulting in the martyrdom of 9 victims. The identified martyrs are:
- Mohammed Khaled Nouman Al-Jadi (17 years old)
- Raed Sayyed Ibrahim Samara (46 years old)
- Al-Sayyed Nader Al-Sayyed Samara (13 years old)
- Abdel-Jalil Khaled Al-Jadi (14 years old)
- Lamar Mohammed Ziyad Al-Zaza (8 years old)
- Mohammed Salama Deeb Al-Fayoumi (40 years old)
- Ahmed Arafah Hamdi Abu Dallu (15 years old)
- Yahya Basheer Faraj Ziara (29 years old)
- Khetam Shafiq Ismail Abu Al-Kas (53 years old)

Targeting of Humanitarian Aid Security Personnel (January 4, 2025)
Israeli occupation aircraft targeted a civilian vehicle in the Al-Satar Al-Sharqi area of Khan Yunis Governorate without prior warning or notification, resulting in the martyrdom of 6 victims. The identified martyrs are:
- Hussein Amin Hussein Jargoon (29 years old)
- Mohammed Taysir Hussein Jargoon (25 years old)
- Mahmoud Ayman Al-Majaida (27 years old)
- Moatasem Raed Ramadan Abu Jarad (25 years old)
- Mahmoud Basem Dohan (38 years old)

Abu Helo School Massacre – Al-Bureij Camp
Israeli occupation warplanes targeted a group of civilians in front of the gate of a school sheltering displaced persons in Al-Bureij Camp, central Gaza Strip, without prior warning, resulting in the martyrdom of 3 victims.
The victims are:
- Salim Mohammed Salman Al-Qerinawi (40 years old)
- Mohammed Ali Mohammed Al-Qerinawi (35 years old)
- Iyad Yousef Mohammed Wishah (45 years old)

Asdaa Massacre – Khan Younis Governorate
Israeli occupation warplanes targeted the area near Asdaa Police Station in Khan Younis Governorate without prior warning, resulting in the martyrdom of 4 victims.
The victims are:
- Momen Mohammed Darwish (26 years old)
- Mahmoud Mohammed Joudeh (19 years old)
- Ahmed Mohammed Shahwan (23 years old)
- Odai Al-Sandawi

Al-Sina’a Training Center Massacre
Israeli occupation warplanes targeted the UNRWA-affiliated Al-Sina’a Training Center in Khan Younis without prior warning, resulting in the martyrdom of 11 victims. The identified victims are:
- Nour Naeem Al-Danaf “Nasman”
- Baraa Abu Al-Jibeen
- Mohammed Youssef Mohammed Shaaban (44 years old)
- Sama Bahjat Riad Kashko (2 years old)
- Rafiq Hassan Mohammed Abu Ouda (56 years old)
- Reda Moayad Salah Al-Kafarneh (10 years old)
- Rawan Abdul Aziz Abdul Hadi Al-Maqadmeh (26 years old)
- Anwar Mohammed Jumaa Al-Dardasawi (38 years old)
- Raghad Firas Ali Qasem (15 years old)
- Saif Ahmed Mohammed Al-Madhoun (15 years old)
- Hanaa Mohammed Mousa Shubeir (52 years old)

Saint Porphyrius Church Massacre
Israeli occupation warplanes targeted Saint Porphyrius Church, which was sheltering displaced civilians in Gaza City, without prior warning, resulting in the martyrdom of 17 victims. The identified victims are:
- Yara Jiries Al-Souri (23 years old)
- Viola Jiries Al-Souri (25 years old)
- Abdul Nour Sami Al-Souri (31 years old)
- Tarek Sami Al-Souri (37 years old)
- Liza Waleed Al-Souri (31 years old)
- Suhail Ramez Al-Souri (14 years old)
- Majd Ramez Al-Souri (10 years old)
- Julie Ramez Al-Souri (11 years old)
- Elene Helmi Terzi “Al-Qarra” (79 years old)
- Marwan Saleem Terzi (64 years old)
- Nahed Terzi (60 years old)
- Suleiman Jamil Terzi (35 years old)
- Joel Atallah Al-Amash (less than a year old)
- Alya Abdul Nour Al-Souri (less than a year old)
- Issa Tarek Al-Souri (11 years old)
- Juliet Sobhi Al-Souri (1 year old)
- George Sobhi Al-Souri (less than a year old)

Mawasi Khan Younis Massacre
Israeli occupation warplanes targeted a gathering of civilians at Al-Attar station in Mawasi Khan Younis without prior warning, resulting in the martyrdom of 17 victims. The identified victims are:
- Mohammed Alaa Omar Abu Sharia (26 years old)
- Alaa Mohammed Alaa Abu Sharia (2 years old)
- Israa Fawzi Marzouq Abu Aradah (33 years old)
- Tamam Ibrahim Abdul Rabbo Ayad (59 years old)
- Atef Abdul Karim Ayesh Zanoun (31 years old)
- Salem Hassan Salem Sarour (8 years old)
- Mustafa Saleh Ibrahim Al-Baraghiti (19 years old)
- Anas Rafiq Ahmad Murad (30 years old)
- Ayesh Mohammed Awad Abu Musbah (56 years old)
- Sameh Jamal Abdul Majeed Abu Anza (27 years old)
- Yousef Issa Ayesh Zanoun (15 years old)
- Wissam Mohammed Amin Darwish (39 years old)
- Ahmad Ruhi Mahmoud Al-Masri (27 years old)
- Adham Ahmad Atwa Abu Aradah (9 years old)
- Bilal Ahmad Abdul Hafiz Ayad